Ans. ASCII is a 7-bit character set that can represent 2⁷ = 128 characters.

Ans. false is a boolean literal representing a false value, while "false" is a string literal representing the text "false".

Ans. A character set is a defined list of characters that a language can recognize. It includes:

• Alphabets: Letters A-Z (uppercase) and a-z (lowercase)
• Numerals: Digits 0-9
• Special Characters: Symbols like ?, %, }, >, @, etc.

Ans. An escape sequence is a set of characters starting with a backslash (\) that has a special meaning to the Java compiler. Examples include \n for a new line, \' for a single quote, and \t for a tab.

Ans. The escape sequence for a horizontal tab is '\t', and for a new line, it is '\n'.

Ans. The value of res is 65, as 'A' corresponds to 65 in ASCII.

Ans.

Incredible
world

Ans. All characters in a Java program are grouped into symbols called tokens. A computer program consists of statements, each composed of various components. Each component of a programming statement is referred to as a token. Keywords, identifiers, and literals are examples of tokens in Java.

Ans. Keywords are reserved words that the Java compiler reserves for its own use, meaning they cannot be used as names for variables or methods. They have special meanings in the Java compiler. For example, void and public are keywords.

Ans. Identifiers are names used in a program to label different components such as variables, methods, classes, and objects.

Ans. Literals are sequences of characters that represent constant values in a program. They are stored in variables and can consist of digits, letters, and other characters.

• 0.5 - floating-point literal
• false - boolean literal
• 'A' - character literal
• "a" - string literal

Ans. Primitive data types are the fundamental data types of Java programming language. They are also called Intrinsic or built-in data types because they are the part of the language. There are 8 primitive data types in Java: byte, short, int, long, float, double, char, and boolean.

Ans. byte, char, double.

Ans. The two basic kinds of data types in Java are primitive data types (e.g., int and char) and reference data types.

Ans. The char data type occupies 2 bytes, and the int data type occupies 4 bytes.

Ans. A boolean literal represents a value of either true or false, and it uses 1 byte of storage. A character literal, on the other hand, represents a single character enclosed in single quotes, such as 'G', and it uses 2 bytes of storage.

Ans. Primitive data types are the fundamental data types in Java, like int and char. In contrast, composite (or non-primitive) data types, such as arrays, are derived from primitive data types and can hold multiple values.

Ans. The default value of int is 0, and the default value of float is 0.0f.

Ans. The 64-bit integer data type in Java is long, and the data type that represents a single 16-bit Unicode character is char.

Ans. A floating point literal requires 4 bytes of storage, while a double literal requires 8 bytes of storage.

Ans.

• An identifier can contain letters, digits, underscores (_), and dollar signs ($).
• Start with Letter or Underscore: Do not start with a digit.
• Java is case sensitive, which means that two identifier names that differ only in uppercase and lowercase characters are considered to be different identifiers. Therefore, Total and total are different identifiers

Ans.

• char - Primitive data type
• arrays - Non-primitive data type
• int - Primitive data type
• classes - Non-primitive data type

Ans. Yes, Java is case-sensitive, so counter and Counter would be recognized as two distinct identifiers.

Ans. Primitive data type: int and long. Composite data type: class and array.